Biology and ecology of arboreal hemipterans (Hemiptera, Heteroptera) in South-Eastern Kazakhstan

Abstract

As a result of the study of arboreal hemipterans of South-Eastern Kazakhstan, 35 species belonging to 8 genera were identified. Among them are the Miridae family (9 species), the Pentatomidae family (8 species), the Anthocoridae family (7 species), and 1-3 species are known from the remaining 5 families. According to the habitat, arboreal hemipterans are divided into dendrobionts (22 species), dendro-tamnobionts (2 species), dendro-tamno-hortobionts (4 species), dendro-hortobionts (6 species). Arboreal hemipterans are divided by trophic relationship into zoophages (14 species), zoophytophages (6 species), phytophages (12 species) and mycetophages (3 species). Arboreal hemipterans of South-East Kazakhstan are divided into 4 groups according to the number of generations they give per year: monovoltine (27 species), bivoltine (1 species), polyvoltine (4 species), acyclic (3 species). The species in the study area are ecologically mesophilic. In many species of Hemiptera, the wintering period takes place in the adult stage (20 species), the egg stage (10 species), the adult and larval stage (4 species), and the larval stage (1 species).