Comparative characteristics of morphogenesis in potato varieties under in vitro conditions

Abstract

This article presents the results of studies on the morphogenesis of various potato varieties under in vitro conditions. The aim of the study was to investigate and evaluate the varietal specificity of potato plant growth and development under in vitro culture conditions during microclonal propagation with identical cultivation parameters. During the study, a comparative analysis of the morphometric parameters of microplants was conducted, including shoot height, number of internodes, leaf formation, and characteristics of root system development in cultured plants. It was established that the potato varieties studied, such as Arizona, Baltic Rose, and Gala, differ significantly in growth rate, shoot formation intensity, and root system development, indicating that morphogenetic processes are genotypically determined, which confirms the need to develop variety-specific protocols for microclonal propagation of potatoes. A direct dependence of plant growth and development on the characteristics of the initial explant was also identified. The data obtained can be used to improve methods for planning work in production laboratories for the production of disease-free potato planting material, as well as to optimize technologies for its microclonal propagation.