Floristic features of the Kostanay region's lakes

Abstract

As a result of the study, new fundamental knowledge was obtained on the floristic composition of the shores of 12 natural lakes in the steppe zone of the Kostanay Region (8 freshwater and 4 saline to varying degrees). The study of floristic features was carried out on the littoral, supralittoral zones, and the lake terrace. The total floristic list of the shores of the studied lakes is 146 species belonging to 100 genera and 37 families of higher vascular plants. The littoral zone is represented by 29 species. Phragmites australis has the highest activity in freshwater lakes, forming a wide strip up to 100 (150) m in most freshwater lakes. The species composition is mainly represented by hydrophytes and hydrohygrophytes. The supralittoral zone is represented by 56 species. Phragmites australis has the highest projective coverage (35.62%), occurrence (62%), and activity (46.99). In the supralittoral zone of saline lakes, Salicornia perennans is the most active species (11,21). The flora of the lake terraces includes 94 species. Calamagrostis epigeios has the highest projective coverage (13.64%) and activity (22.16%). The flora of the lake shores is characterized by a large number of weeds (25 species), which accounts for 17% of the total number of species. Among the weeds, the adventive and invasive species Hordeum jubatum, which is native to most of North America and northern Eastern Siberia, is highly prevalent and active.