The molecular risk patterns in the pathogenesis of lung cancer

Abstract

Lung cancer is leading cause of mortality from cancer diseases in Kazakhstan. Like
most cancer, lung cancer has a multifactorial nature of origin. In its pathogenesis, an important role
is played by both genetic/epigenetic changes in the cell. The change in the epigenetic landscape can
be associated primarily with the change in the profile of the microRNA.
microRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that are involved in the regulation of target genes at the
post-transcriptional level. MicroRNA controls many biological processes, including proliferation,
growth and cells’ survival. To date, a large amount of evidence has been accumulated about the
involvement of microRNA in the carcinogenesis of various malignant neoplasias, including lung
cancer.
Thus, microRNAs on the one hand can be markers of the oncological process, on the other hand
markers of the impact of adverse environmental factors. In this connection, a comparative analysis
of circulating miRs was conducted in a group of patients diagnosed with lung cancer and a control
group without lung pathology